Jul 21, 2023

Review of Caine Prize Shortlisted Stories for 2023

 Story:  Souls of Small Places

Author: Mame Bougouma Diene and Moppa Diallo

Country: Senegal

Woppa and Mame
Credit: Caineprize.com

For me, the French-speaking West African nation of Senegal resonates in my mind only when there is a political regime change or music superstar –Akon– is the subject of the conversation, or Sadio Mane – the football superstar – is the subject.  Now, A Soul of Small Places, a short story that is shortlisted for the 2023 edition of the Caine Prize for African Writing is the reason why Senegal is resonating in my mind, once again. 

A Soul of Small Places is a short story written by the duo of Mame Bougouma Diene and Moppa Diallo.  It is a story that is set in the pristine Senegalese hinterland. It is a story of a rural town that suffers a horrific ritual of rape that targets girls of elementary school age.

When Woppa was born, her mum, conscious of the danger she faces, decided to protect her. But the protection itself comes with extreme sacrifice –the girl will exist, but would actually belong to the spirits. Woppa has a kid sister by the name of Awa. So, in the real, the mother actually has one daughter.

Woppa’s ancestors, stretching back to her great-great-grandmother are flesh-eaters, coming in their spiritual form to devour anyone they deem fit. When provoked, their spirits rise to attack victims, targeting their hearts. To the flesh-eaters, blood is as tasty as cappuccino would be with us today. This is exactly what Moppa inherited, albeit without knowing.

Woppa is held late by a romantic outing. She, knowing she isn’t human, says it is more of a lustful relationship. As she and Awa walk back home, she felt Awa’s hand slipping out of her grip. She is prompted by the whispers of her ancestors. She swings into defensive action. The result is a scene that is crimson-red with gory remains of human bodies and scattered bits of human flesh.

In the process, Moppa becomes unconscious, bouncing back only after nineteen days. She is made to believe there was a stormy rain that unleashed a flood, wreaking havoc on the community and throwing her into a coma.

Back in school, there is a girl that wears a fetish pouch around her neck and sees beyond the ordinary, as a result. She is able to see that Woppa is a flesh-eater. She uses innuendo to refer to Moppa’s powers to Moppa’s and other kids’ hearing. Woppa confronts her parents. They can help but admit the truth to get over it, once and for all. From then onward, Moppa is fully conscious of her powers and her duty to protect little girls from rapist herdsmen.

Woppa continues to defend the girls in her village and the neighboring villages. One day, three herdsmen tried to gain entry into a house next to hers.  She is hinted at by a chorus of voices, as usual. Swiftly, she comes out, unleashing her powers at the men. She returns home as swiftly as she had come, without anyone noticing. The commotion draws the attention of men on patrol, but also her mum, who reaches the scene before the patrol team. The patrol team arrives and mistakes Moppa’s mum as the killer. They descend on her, taking her life. 

Woppa’s father, devastated by the circumstance of his wife’s death and the implication, –if people believe she killed the men –commits suicide less than twenty-four hours after his wife’s passing.

Awe is left alone, but does not trust anybody –among her close relatives– to raise her. Her sister’s spirit stands and watches the funeral of her parents. She whispers to birds who in turn whisper to the wind, relaying a message to Awa and hinting her to come over. Awa walks to the spirit of her sister who assures her that she will be going nowhere and will be there to protect her, forever.

Mame Bougouma Diene and Moppa Diallo’s innovative writing style delivers prose with embroidery of poetry in a manner that is breathtaking. It announces their arrival so astonishingly that we can’t help but notice.

The Soul of Small Places is a story with a strong chance to clinch the 2023 edition of the Caine Prize for African Writing.  

 

Story: Weaving

Author: Yvonne Kusiima

Country: Uganda

Yvonne Kusiima
Credit: www.caineprize.com

Thomasina –the younger– and Jessica are little girls born and raised in Kampala by a wealthy mother who suddenly dies. The two girls are compelled to move to rural Uganda to live with a granny in a two-room shack.

Jessica cried the day Grandma told them they will be weaving with her. For her protest, she is exempted. Thomasina finds herself weaving plastic mats with grandma, every day. The task is difficult and Grandma is harsh, flogging Thomasina with every single mistake. As a rookie knitter, it takes Thomasina a whole year to weave a single mat, while grandma’s experienced hands finish more than a dozen within the same period.

It is time to market the mats and Thomasina is made to sit under a hostile sun trying to woo buyers. It is a Herculean –most that come only watch and move on, never buying.

An American boy, whose mother’s charity work brought them to the village, approaches and buys everything to please Thomasina. He gets talking to ten-year-old Thomasina about what seems like romance to her. While she thinks that love is in the air, the American boy has lust in his mind, only interested in a hit-and-run.

In the evening, an American boy walks her to the woods carrying the mat he bought from her. He puts her on it, stealing her virginity. But then he turns back to his real love, a girl with fully matured hips that is unmistakably adult. Thomasina is devastated. Devastation is only a small fraction of her woe as she ends up pregnant.

Jessica and Grandma are divided on how to deal with the pregnancy. While Jessica wishes that her sister be allowed to keep the pregnancy and the baby, eventually, Grandma is against it because it would mean an additional burden.

Grandma, however, had her way, forcing Thomasina to take a native mixture that terminates the pregnancy.

Yvonne has a humble, disciplined, and charming writing style that is sure to win her fans across the continent. Through branches of her story, she is able to let us feel the mood of rural Uganda: the modest understanding of rural people, the poverty, gossip, superstition…

With her shortlist for the Caine Prize for African Writing, Yvonne has pulled herself from behind the horizon. With or without the prize, though, she has come and would shape conversations on African literature as long as she stays in writing.

 

Story: Daughters, by Our Hands

Author: Pius Ekemini

Country: Nigeria

Pius Ekemini
Credit: www.Caineprize.com

The story, Daughters By Our Hands, written by Pius Ekemini, finds root in an imaginative theory that a woman who can’t breed can reverse her condition if she meets another woman who is willing to donate or sell her nail. The nail is attached to that of the barren woman. After three weeks, there is a mix of genetics. Once the hybrid nail is inserted into a worthless womb, it magically reverses its fortune.

A mother, Eme, sells nine of her ten nails. The sole nail in her kitty gives her a much-cherished daughter, Aniema, who is cherished partly for the mundane benefits Eme expects to get from her nails.

But the Aniema has her own opinion as to how she intends to use her nails –they will not be sold. She prefers to donate them to poor sterile women who wouldn’t have been able to afford the nails. But Eme still hopes her daughter will cave in.

One day Aniema returns home with three of the nails gone and without money to show they had been sold. The mother confronts her daughter who said she had donated the three to a poor woman she met on a bus. Eme is badly hurt by her daughter’s decision, a situation that hurts deeply their relationship.

The poor recipient of the nail pays a visit to her “egg” donor three years after their accidental meeting. She came with three beautiful triplets, reminding Aniema who she is and thanking her for her generosity.

Daughters, by Our Hands, is “clean” and makes for speedy reading, as such.  The writer shows an amazing descriptive power that opens the reader's eyes to possibilities he may not have believed existed.

Any story that makes it to the shortlist of the Caine Prize has a chance. A lot of times, judges often complain about how tricky it is to come to a decision on who should take the prize. Having read the other stories, I think that the judges will again have to crack their heads to come to a conclusion as to who takes the prize. 

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