Chris Giwa and the Absurdity of Politics

By Yiro Abari  High

Chris Giwa

The name, “Chris Giwa,” isn’t strange in Nigeria, if you mind current affairs in Nigeria. But, in case you don’t know him, he was the owner of Giwa Football Club of Jos, a club whose life was squeezed out because Mr Giwa insisted on a mandate that made him President of the Nigerian Football Federation.

Mr Giwa comes from Kuru, in Jos-South of Plateau State. When he had a chance to speak in his local branch of the Church of Christ in Nigeria (COCIN) in Jos-South, he chose to speak about: “The Significance of Giving.” On that day, he revealed that the secret of his wealth is giving. “If you give without complaining or whining, fortunes will follow, unhindered.”

For the past decade and a half, he lived up to this piece of scriptural education. The most visible of his charity work is seen in the payment of tuition for students in secondary schools in Berom communities in Jos-south. This embraces districts like Kuru, Gyel, Zawan, Vom and Du. But he has also roofed giant churches, supported the building of mosques, built culverts and graded roads, hired doctors and support staff to work for poor locals in Kuru.

His philanthropy made him so famous, especially among youths in Plateau State, whose campus activities he supported. Because of his camaraderie with this demography, each time local government elections were to be held, he locked horns with the incumbent administration and fought courageously to protect the prospect of his boys who aimed for political positions in grassroot assemblies.

He has the type of sensitivity and compassion that is expected of a serving politician. It was why close friends suggested he joins politics to climb a bigger stage on which to unleash totally his love of the weak. Thus, in 2011, Giwa rolled out an ambitious and lavish political campaign to become the Governor of Plateau State. The campaign received massive support from key cabinet members of the Joshua Dariye administration in which he held a modest position as the Manager of Plateau United Football Club, after relinquishing his job at Nigerian Telecommunications, NITEL. 

When the ballots were counted, he ranked third, after Jonah Jang, the sitting governor and Pauline Tallen. Curious observers said it, sure, would have been unimaginable for one to think of defeating Jang, who had a long,  shimmering political history. That Giwa came out at the wrong time, especially since Jang’s deeds in the first tenure were stellar. For Pauline Tallen, she was, and is still, a powerful political figure in Nigeria and defeating her would have been a mission impossible.

Then. Senator Gyang Dalyop Dantong, representing Plateau-North at the Nigerian Senate, died in July of 2012, creating a senatorial vacancy in Plateau North. The general belief was that Giwa was going to win that election and become a Senator. But it didn’t pretty work out that way, as late GNS Pwajok won to become the Senator. In the comments that followed the declaration of the result, people attributed Giwa’s lost in the election to the backing Pwajok received from Jang, his political father. In Nigeria, it will always be difficult to defeat a government candidate.

In Nigeria, as elsewhere, elected persons are expected to carry out activities to lessen the suffering of ordinary people and make life worth living. For a majority of Nigerians, a life worthy of living has remained a mirage from as far back as the 1980s. Giwa is a rare Nigerian, doing what elected politicians should be doing, and he does it from his private pocket. It is the reason why he should have received the support of the people. At least, he should have occupied that senatorial seat in 2012.

Mr Benjamin Dalyop, a politician from Kuru explained that the political culture of Berom people is aberrant, at least in the context of Nigeria. It explains why Giwa hasn’t received enough political support among his own tribe. Berom people view the People’s Democratic Party, PDP, as a political party that was handed down to them by their ancestors. But Giwa, sadly, has never contested any position under the umbrella of the PDP. He contested the gubernatorial seat under the Action Congress of Nigeria, ACN and in 2012 he contested the Plateau-North Senatorial seat under the All Progressive Grand Alliance, APGA.  

Fanatical observers of Nigerian politics would understand Giwa’s predicament. The PDP, as the ruling party, had always been hijacked by contestants that have government backing. It would have been impossible to contest and win the primaries against Jang under the PDP. Even late Senator GNS Pwajok was a mainstream member of the PDP and obviously had all the government backing. So, the only party available were the other, mostly weaker, parties. 

Giwa has a set of triplets that include two boys and a girl. They were born eight years ago. Before then, relations had given up hope of Giwa ever having kids. Thus, Mr Giwa is vindicated in his belief that when you give, God pays you back manifolds.  Thus, he’s undeterred in his given. Most recently has been the resumption of fee payments for indigent students in Kuru. It involved paying fees for four kids from each of the fifty-six communities that make up Kuru. This is in addition to N10, 000 given to every one of five women from each of these communities.

Giwa may not have won a mundane political position, but he has won, countless times, when it comes to teaching by example. He’s probably God’s candidate.

President Buhari Won’t Dream of Making Me Chief-of-Staff –Isa Funtua.

Isamila Isa Funtua. Picture source: mainstream.com.ng

Following the death of President Muhammadu Buhari’s Chief-of-Staff (COS), Abba Kyari on April 18^th, a number of successors have been speculated. Among these names, is Ismaila Isa Funtua, a former Minister in the Second Republic.  

When a BBC Hausa reporter contacted Funtua and asked if he knew that his name is getting a mention as a potential COS. This is what he said: “Yes, I have heard.” When asked how he felt after his name was mentioned, Funtua said:

“I felt those people calling my name were not being fair to me. Why? Because I had worked with the Native Authorities, I have worked as a civil servant, and I have been a politician to the point of becoming a minister in this country. It surprises me, today, that some people would link my name to this post. Do people even know what the Chief-of-Staff mean? Is it because that office is being abused, by people doing as they wish? You are talking about a Chief-of-Staff, mind you! How long is it from 1983, when I was a minister?”

The reporter answers, “close to forty years.”

“And you go talking about me getting an appointment?” he continues. “What kind of appointment? I am over-qualified for that job. I am an employer; I have created places of work so that people and their families can find a means of livelihood.”

“But people are making this speculation because of your intimacy with the President,” the reporter insists.

“Many such people are being satanic in their thoughts. You have to look at the things I had done in the past and see whether or not I am over-qualified. They should also consider if I have the chance to work or not. I am overqualified! That type of job is for people like you and our children. And, if people like us will continue to expect the government to give them jobs, where would our own children turn to? Imagine someone like me getting up to go to work by 8.00 am or 9.00 am! Nigerians, we should be fair to ourselves.”

“Would you take the job if President Buhari should offer it to you,” the reporter pushes.

“He himself wouldn’t start, because he knows I wouldn’t take it. If, however, he wants a piece of advice and sets up a committee that brings people like me and younger persons, we could come, advice and find our ways home. But I can’t take a full-time job, taking salaries. I don’t expect this from you, people! Nigeria’s situation hasn’t worsened to that point. The leadership of a nation isn’t like playground matters,” he concludes.

Is Bill Gates Truly Trying to Cut Down the Human Population?

Bill Gates. Source: the www.guardian.ng 

Conspiracy theories have often been around to interpret major events affecting the Planet in their deviant ways.

Since the outbreak of the Corona Virus, aka, COVID-19, there have been all manner of conspiracy theories aiming to discredit the truth. I have read a lengthy story from someone who claims to be a member of the inner caucus of the Chinese Communist Party. The author of the report claims that Corona Virus was a design of the Chinese Government to control dissent that tends to undermine the Communist Government. He claims that the Chinese Government wanted to use it against the demonstrations in Hong Kong that aimed to frustrate an extradition bill to send certain criminals for trials in China.

The author of the masterfully crafted report claims that the United States wanted to buy the biological weapon from China so as to use it in Venezuela, but the Chinese government declined the proposal, seeing that weapon turned out more deadly than they had anticipated. According to this author, while the Chinese Government turned down the US, the US tried to get it through a Chinese traitor. Sadly, there was an accident leading to a spill in Wuhan, where the CIA had gone to receive the parcel.

Another conspiracy theory said the problem is caused by the 5G network that is already in use in China and other nations.

Now, a most recent conspiracy theory has to do with the suggestion that Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, who said that the best way to deal with Corona Virus is through massive vaccinations. Some conspiracy theorists, in a video report, claim that Mr Gates intends to cut down the global population through sponsoring a research for a deadly vaccine whose aim will be to cut down the global population. The video claims that Gates is part of a line of people who, for decades, have suggested ways by which the human population can be reduced and that these people have a strong western backing.

How would reducing global population benefit Gates, who is 65 years of age? He has been a philanthropist helping people in different nations to live better lives. His philanthropy cuts across many areas, including education, health and poverty reduction.

Vaccines have been around and have been the reason why so many diseases were exterminated throughout the history of mankind. Each time a child is born, a series of vaccines are administered to give the child a greater chance of survival. If you are a father, how many of your children did die because they had received these vaccines? If the West wants to cut down our population, they would have done it a long time ago through these vaccines.  

Finally, I think that the maker of the video, claiming Mr Gates wants to cut down the human population is actually that person who wants to cut down the population of mankind. In Africa, for instance, if his story is believed, it will be the reason why people will reject any vaccine that comes. What would happen? We will all die of Corona Virus.

Firing Service Chiefs Will Not Suffice

Nigerian Service Chiefs

Some notable Nigerians have suggested that the sacking of service chiefs is the best solution to our security challenges in Nigeria.

While President Buhari sought to become president, ahead of the Presidential Elections in 2015, the problem of Boko Haram was at its peak. Buhari rested his political campaign on security challenges the country faced, among other promises. Since he has a history of being hard-nosed, he was voted, especially for the security issue had reached what a lot of Nigerians saw as the worst possible.

After winning the Presidential Elections, he took measures that saw the weakening of Boko Haram, with territories taken over and the terrorists pushed to a small corner.

With time, though, Boko Haram regained strength. But in addition to Boko Haram, the killing of innocent farmers by herdsmen in villages, initially in Plateau State, spread to other parts of the country. Kidnapping for ransom, which was only in the Niger Delta and a few states in the South East, spread to other parts of the country?

What is baffling is that the police are not fighting the growing crime, so that the population is at the mercy of the criminals. Our condition at the moment, in literal terms, is like we don’t have a police force in this country.

The result is that people are calling for the sacking of the Chiefs of Army, Naval and Air Staffs (Service Chiefs). With or without Service Chiefs there are constant problems that have to be addressed. So, these are the problems the country will have to look into. Impunity has become so perpetual that some members of the military and paramilitary forces, themselves, are complicit in these crimes. There is also the manner in which people are recruited to these forces, not to talk about the reality that hardworking members are not rewarded for their hard work. There is the denial of members of what is due to them by law as a result of corruption. When personnel die in service, their dependents suffer, since entitlements are not paid on time. Sometimes they are not paid at all. The police also need gear to help them in their operations. These are hardly provided. The authorities themselves don’t take measures to solve a problem the moment it surfaces and wait until it becomes so complex when it has become difficult to tackle before beginning to make attempts at solving them. For instance, a group of kidnappers (mostly kids) have currently been tormenting people in Jos. With the manner of operations, they are just a few groups. Nothing is done to curb them right now. The police, most times will tell you to just pay the ransom and save your relation because their hands are tied.  It is why some will join the bad guys, making the situation complex and hard to tackle.  

Most times, the Police, which is a federal institution, ends up begging state governors to provide work-gear to enable them to police their territories. It is the reason why the idea of state police could help the country effectively fight crimes in the country. It is without a doubt that the state police forces in the thirty-six states of the country if established, will not all be inept at the same time. This will definitely minimize the crime levels and cut down the innocent lives that die every day.

Everything has to be taken into consideration if we have to solve the mountainous security challenge in the country.

BBC Pidgin and the Beauty of Pidgin English

By next month (October, 2019), BBC English will be celebrating its second-year anniversary.

As it celebrates this milestone, we consider it a critical stage when there should be stock taking, looking at the ts we failed to cross and the is we failed to dot. One thing that radio stations do, aside news, teaching and fun, is that they help hone the language fluency of their audience. BBC Hausa helped my Hausa language progress, exponentially. BBC English also helped to sharpen my English. My expectation, when BBC Pidgin was founded in October 2018, was that my Pidgin English would improve. Sadly, it is the first time I had reason to criticize the language of an international radio station.

A language, when spoken in many countries, must definitely have local variations. If an international radio station must transmit to a large population in a spectrum of countries, it must avoid the use of these peculiarities. Such words are colloquial and would not be in any dictionary from which one can find its meaning. So, it only stirs a muddle. There is no accepted dictionary for Pidgin English yet, but careful judgment should guide one to use words whose meaning he is sure would be understood in another locality other than his. I have seen BBC pidgin using the word, kerewa, to refer to sex. I think that it is hasty. That word, even in Nigeria, where it originates, hasn’t found a home in the hearts of Pidgin English speakers yet. One often sees other cases of such words in the text of BBC Pidgin. This is one of the areas where, I think, the BBC Pidgin deserves a red card.

The second issue borders on spellings. Pidgin English in Africa is a mix of English and African words. Everyone’s expectation would be that when an English word is used, it should retain its original spelling. In cases where an African word is used, the African spelling should also be retained. But what I have observed with BBC Pidgin is that there is an effort to create new spellings for English words. It is like trying to avoid a practice the language has naturally created for itself. “Pipo” instead of “people”, for instance.  “Gud” instead of “good.” I see this as a step backward. Something that would create confusion, since the spellings used to replace the English spellings are not in any dictionary.

What I have noticed about Nigerians is that each time a stranger shows interest in Pidgin English, they try to impress him, and, in so doing, end up overdoing things, distorting and contorting the language so that it loses its attraction. In the end, the stranger is not impressed. I have noticed this with BBC Pidgin as well.

I know that the BBC Pidgin is new and, like an infant, will grow with time. What we are writing here is an effort to be part of the process of shaping the future of BBC Pidgin. The language is ours, and we have a duty to nurture and preserve it. I hope that this would be understood.  

Bauchi State Government Releases List of Commissioners

Bala Mohammed, Governor of Bauchi State

The Bauchi State Government in the north-west of Nigeria has released a list of its commissioners. The list circulated to newsmen today, 9^th September 2019, was signed by Mohammed Sabi’u Baba, the Secretary to the Government of Bauchi State. It includes the following persons.

1. Prof Adamu Ahmed--Lands and Survey
2. Dr. Aliyu Tilde--Education
3. Abdulkadir Ibrahim--Works and Transport
4. Umar Sade--Power, Science, and Technology
5. Jidauna Mbami--Cooperative, Small Scale Enterprises
6. Hajara Gidado--Women affairs
7. Dr. Aminu Gamawa--Budget and Economic Planning
8.Turaki Manga--Special Duties
9. Abdulrazak Nuhu Zaki-- Ministry for Local Governments
10. Ahmed Jalam--Religious Affairs
11. Midibbo Ahmed--Culture and Tourism
12. Ladan Salihu--Information and Communication
13. Sama'ila ibn Adamu--Agriculture
14. Yakubu Bello Kirfi--Justice
15. Usman Saleh--Youth and Sports
16. Hamisu Shira--Environment and Housing
17. Mohammed A. Sadiq--Commerce and Industries
18. Nura Manu Soro--Finance
19. Umaru Sanda Adamu--Water Resources
20. Auwal Jatau--Health

THE BEROM NATION

By Kelechi Oduebo

Berom Dancers

If the person is a Nigerian and has names like ‘Dung’, ‘Gyang’, ‘Pam’, ‘Kachollom’, ‘Kangyang’ or ‘Chundung’, the chances that such a person is from the Berom tribe is ninety percent. As a matter of fact, if you have five friends from the Jos Plateau, there is high probability that one out of those five is from the Berom Tribe. This is because, of the Seventeen (17) Local Government Areas in Plateau state, Four (4) are predominantly Berom inhabited. These four Local Governments include; Barkin Ladi, Jos North, Jos South and Riyom Local Government Areas.

The Beroms are also found in the border towns linking Southern Kaduna and the Jos Plateau (specifically around Manchok in Kaura LGA OF Kaduna State, Ganawuri to K-Vom axis in the Plateau). Consequently, because of their geographical spread and numbers, the Berom people are the largest indigenous ethnic group in the Jos Plateau region.
Berom; a Tribe and a Language

Berom (also spelt as Birom) refers to a tribe; the people of the Berom ethnicity. Berom also refers to a dialect; the language spoken by the Berom people. According to some historians and narrators of the Berom history, the Berom tribe migrated from Egypt and eventually settled around the Vom/Kuru axis (which is regarded by some as the Ancient Kingdom of the Beroms). The Beroms by nature have farming, mining and hunting as their profession and stock of trade. They are also warriors.

Some Aspects of the Berom Tribe
The Berom people are a people with a rich cultural heritage. This cultural heritage is manifest in their festivals, arts and culture, music and dance.

Food: The Berom people have a native food referred to as ‘Rizgah’ which is a fingerlet-type crop that is cooked, peeled and eaten (without soup, stew or any ingredient, just like eating boiled groundnuts. Just boiled groundnuts. The major traditional food of the Berom tribe however, is called ‘Acha’ (Hungary Rice). The Beroms are one of major producers of acha in Nigeria. This ‘acha’ could be eaten in a variety of ways; jollof (mixed with ingredients), plainly boiled (like white rice) and eaten in combination with stew. It is also prepared as ‘Tuwon Acha’; ‘Tuwo’ is the northern version of ‘fufu’, ‘amala’ or pounded yam, but this time made with Hungary rice and eaten with some other soup. The Berom people however have a special local ‘draw’ soup, prepared from the bark of a particular tree and eaten when the soup is almost cold. Take note: Eaten when the soup is almost cold.

Festivals: Their festivals for example stem all the way from the precolonial times, with the advent of some after the independence of Nigeria from the colonialists. Some of their festivals from the Pre-clonial times include Mandyeng, Mado, Badu, Worongchun, Behwol, Vwana, Nshok festivals,[1] while the post-colonial festivals includes the Nzem Berom, Wusal Berom and more recently the Zereh festivals. These festivals are usually celebrated with respect to the livelihood and world-view of the Berom people. Therefore, the festivals are usually farming/harvest, hunting, and belief system related. For example, the Mandyeng and Nshok festivals are celebrated to usher in the rainy season. The Mado and Behwol festivals are usually celebrated with respect to hunting season.

The advent of Christianity and Western education has served to erode quite a bit of the previous beliefs and festivals. However, some of the festivals that stand-out amongst the  

Berom festivals these days include:
Nzem Berom: The ‘Nzem Berom’ could be translated as ‘Heritage of the Beroms’. Therefore, the festival is intended to celebrate the rich cultural heritage of the Berom tribe. It also serves to sensitize and re-entrench in the minds of the people, the culture and the tradition of the Beroms. The ‘Nzem Berom’ is actually a montage or combination of some of the pre-colonial festivals such as Mandyeng, Nshok, Worom Chun, and Vwana festivals.
Wusal Berom: Though this festival is tagged as a ‘prayer festival’. It also serves to re-emphasize the nature of the Berom people as very accommodating tribe; accommodating of other tribes. It is a festival intended to remind the Berom people of their virtues of kindness and hospitality.

Zereh: This is somewhat a more recent festival, intended to celebrate the beauty and ‘goodly’ attributes and virtues of the Berom girl or woman. This festival spans a whole week and includes beauty pageantry in which the most beautiful girl or the ‘Miss Berom’ is identified. The festival is also spiced with cultural displays, gala-dinner etc.

It might interest you to know that amongst the Beroms, a particular historical line or lineage can be traced through the person’s name. Such names usually have the prefix ‘Lo-’. For example, ‘Lo-Gyang’, ‘Lo-Bot’, meaning from the ‘Gyang’ or ‘Bot’ descent. (This is synonymous to the use of ‘Bin or Ibn’ in Arabic {like Bin Haman/ Ibn Haman-meaning ‘Son of Haman’} or ‘Ben’ amongst Jews, {like Ben Amin-meaning ‘Son of Amin’}).

Leadership of the Berom People
The leader of the Berom tribe plays a highly significant role, not only in the co-ordination and provision of leadership for his people, but also in ensuring cohesiveness and unity within the different tribes in the Jos Plateau (alongside the other Traditional Heads). From the time Da Rwang Pam became the head of the Berom people (1947-1969) till date, the Head of the Traditional Council or Tribal Council in Jos has been, (and is still) designated to the stool or throne of the Paramount ruler of the Berom people. The Paramount ruler is referred to as the Gbong Gwom Jos.

Though it never grew to become an Empire in the historical sense, the Berom Nation had the makings of an Empire in n every sense.

Verbal history reveals that the Beroms who were by nature hunters and gatherers had from the early 13th century followed animal migratory patterns traveled from North Africa.

A renowned Berom historian who also fought for the British Empire during world war ll, Late Da Nyam Kanang says the Berom originally started from Rome and made their way southward into Africa, in search for land and glory and being led by key animals like the chwei (Leopard), Murum (Loin), Gbwin (Elephant), Kwaya (Hedjug), Bogwom (Gorilla), Gwom (Python), Kangyang (Gazelle), Yop (Bushbaby), Tok (Fish) Bot (Frog), Tsok (Toad) Gyang (Moose)...etc.

They had brief stopovers the Kanem Borno territories and then for a longer than brief stay n Sokoto (the reason for their reffering to the Buzus as playmates).

They then moved and found a new home on the plains of the Jos Plateau.

According to history, the Beroms, who walked the lands from as far as Jengre (where they had a shrine) through to Jos (Jishe), Dogon Dutse ( Chwel Nyapp...with another shrine there), Du (later) , Foron, Riyom, Gwol (Barikin Ladi also later...during the Tin mining days), met a solitary neighbour living to the East of Jishe....the Gwong or Anaguta, a small farmer population content on their land.

As the Beroms settled on these lands, a part of them moved further on to occupy the land today known as Kagoma in southern Kaduna.

As they established themselves, the Miango and Rukuba later joined them.

History shows that each of these ethnic nationalities first came to present themselves to the Berom ruler (Da Gwom Rwei), they would show him what spiritual powers they had.

The Gwom Rwei would bless them and enjoined them to use their powers for the protection and blessings of the land.

Because of the hunter/gatherer disposition of the Berom man who spent long periods in the forests going after animals, he became more in touch with nature and by key implication, the spirit world.

Like the Native American Indians, the Beroms integrated with such entities, birthing the KWIT culture (spiritism).

The spirits in turn endowed them with different abilities e.g. ( to call down rain and thunder...Mandieng, abilities to excel in hunting, war and other extraordinary feats ...Bi Toh, .etc).

They were more in harmony with nature and thus lived with each other through simple covenant rules.

It is this disposition that caused the Berom Nation to not exert control and seek empire expansion status but rather settled for a simple coexistence with neighbors.

Even before the missionaries, the Berom looked to a father in heaven... DAGWEI...the Father in the Sun.

The Berom will normally not swear by any being but by hie/her grave...

When he/she says ..mi ha sag'o..

(I am telling the truth), it also means I speak by my grave.

Sag ...means grave.

Though some will say ....ma` shira da Dagwei....(I swear by the name of God)

And those who walked by the power of thunder would say...ma` shira de gbwara...(I swear by thunder)

He believes if he/she lies or cheats, they will meet in in their graves or God will punish him or thunder will strike him/her.

Yes...those who crossed their brothers or neighbours did die ...tragically and untimely.

For those who still hold to the truth today, God and nature still fight on their behalf today.

As to if the Berom Nation had power to ascend to the status?

The Beroms were heavily fortified in their lands so much so that they have never been conquered in battle by any aggressors.

Traditional history says each time any invading armies approached Beromland for war, the grounds around such armies will open up and swallow the invaders.

Meanwhile back home in the shrine, a drum would begin to sound all by itself to warn the land inhabitants of the danger at the outskirts of the city.

This prepared the fighting men and women for the war...which hardly ever reached the city.

A favorite story told was the of the Usman Dan fodio Jihad which could not enter Beromland.

When Dan Fodio's armies reached the eastern edge of Jos from Bauchi, their marabouts as usual sent their incantations and enchantments (yasin) to go in and distabilize the spiritual cover if the land...but after some time the yasin returned with the message that the city could not be taken because the power protecting it was much.

It warned that any jihadist...including Dan fodio...that entered the land will not return alive.

Dan fodio upon receiving this warning left Beromland, ( but not before dong certain things which we cannot discourse here) went round to conquer the Nasarawa areas but was eventually defeated in Benue state...he returned to Sokoto...

Of the ethnic Nationalities on the Plateau, the Berom Nation is about the only Nationality that does not have a Masquerade or Dodo.

They strongly believe in a supreme being or creator (Dagwei) and the freedom of the human spirit to contact Him.

This was evident in their initial efforts to reach God... which resulted in spiritism and later with the advent of missionaries, their quick acceptance of Christianity.

As the Berom Nation grew, so did their rich cultural heritage, which is today encapsulated in the annual Nzem Berom cultural festival.

Today, the Berom Nation covers 4 local Government areas of Plateau state:

Jos North, Jos South, Gwol (Barkin Ladi) and Riyom LGAs and is presided over by His Majesty Da Jacob Gyang Buba, the Gbong Gwom Jos and head of the Plateau state traditional council.

Some Berom festivals include:
Festival Span Period of Celebration in the year
Mandiyeng From Pre-colonial times March–April
Nshok From Pre-colonial times March–April
Badu From Pre-colonial times March–April
Worong-chun From Pre-colonial times April–May
Vwana/Bwana From Pre-colonial times August
Mado (Hunting festival) From Pre-colonial times October/November
Behwol (Hunting festival) From Pre-colonial times March–April
Nzem Berom Postcolonial March–April
Wusal Berom (Prayer festival) Postcolonial Monthly
Festivals in Berom culture are primarily related to agriculture and hunting, which have been the main events revolving around Berom livelihood and cosmology.
Nzem Berom
The influx of Christianity and western Education paved way for many socio-cultural changes in Berom culture. The changes devalued the rich culture of the people bringing serious predicament of a severe social and cultural crisis.
In order to avoid the danger of losing the socio-cultural practice of the ancestor, and the overall pre-colonial activities such as the Mandyeng, Nshok, Worom Chun, Vwana, ceremonies were brought into a single umbrella festival called Nzem Berom.
Nzem Berom is held within the first week of April, to coincide with the period when Mandyeng, Nshok and Badu Festival was held. The Nzem is a period when different cultural displays are exhibited from different parts of Berom land, especially in music, dance, arts and culture.
Mandyeng
Mandyeng is a major festival celebrated in Berom land to usher in the rainy season. The festivals normally take place in March/ April. In the past the Berom regard Mandyeng/Nshok (they are very similar) the most vital festivals which ensured a good farming and hunting period and harvest. Not all the Berom communities celebrate Mandyeng and Nshok. Those that perform 'Mandyeng' claim their roots from Riyom, they include; Vwang, Kuru, Zawan, Gyel, Rim, Bachit, Bangai, Lwa, Sop, Jol, Wereng Kwi, Gwo, Kakuruk, Kuzeng, Kurak, Kuchin, Rahos and Tahoss. Nshok: Nshok slightly varies from Mandiyeng due to the fact that it also associates hunting with the rainy season farming. It is also held once a year around the months of April and May, to usher in the new season just as the Mandyeng.
Names
In the pre-colonial era the Berom regarded hunting as both an occupation and a sport. Although economically it was not as important as farming, hunting was regarded as a show of skill and bravery. So much so, that most Berom names are derived from game animals, most importantly duiker [...due to their perceived beauty.
Names such as Pam, Dung (Racoon), Chuwang, Gyang (Moose), Badung etc. for boys are most common, while girls answer to Kaneng, Yop (Antelope). Chundung, Vou, Kangyang (Deer),. These are names for different species of duiker. Others, such as Bot (frog) Tok (fish), Tsok (toad) etc. are names for other animals that are non-domesticated, but not game. These names clearly typify how important game was in pre-colonial Berom society.
Nshok was not the only hunting festival in Berom land. Festivals such as Mado and Behwol existed but are not as important as Nshok
Music
Some of the musical instruments among the Berom include:
• Yom Nshi: a two-string banjo made with calabash and skin as resonators
• Yom: a straw string instrument
• kwag or Gwashak: a scraper made from dry cactus played with a stick slid across the sawed body of the dry cactus to produce a scraping sound
• Kundung: a xylophone made of cattle horns and cobwebs
Leadership
The Berom have a paramount ruler called the Gbong Gwom Jos.
The various Berom groups of Du, Gyel, Vwang, Foron, Bachit, Ryom and Fan among others were semi-autonomous and each had their individual Be-Gwom (High Chiefs)...these formed the council of Berom chiefs representing the entire Nation and were presided over by a Da Gwom (High Chief)at Riyom.
However, a traditional stool that would converge the entire Beroms into the British system of government through tool of the Hausa-Fulani rulership was created in 1935 by the British colonial administration of Northern Nigeria.
Northern Nigeria was composed of over 600 completely different linguistic and cultural features between the ethnicities on the Plateau and the other groups.
This ignorance of ethnic differences had initially encouraged the formation of vassal Hausa heads to oversee the created Jos Native Authority, which proved tumultuous with the Berom due to conflicting views and interests, given that during the Fulani Jihad of the 1800s, the Berom Nation were never be penetrated or conquered by the Jihadists.
Through a circular; No. 24p/1916[JOS PROF NAK 473/1916], dated 15 August 1917, the Resident at Bauchi Province was instructed to send potentials from various native authorities including district and village heads to be elevated as chieftains by the His Excellency the Governor General.
In response to the circular, the Resident wrote back to the secretary Northern Province Kaduna via a memo No. 24/1916 [JOSPROF NAK 473/1916] dated 27 October 1917, recommended a paramount ruler to superintend the native areas.
In the pre-colonial period, the Berom were divided into autonomous political groups based on regions, but the colonial authority merged them under the Gbong Gwom in 1952 to help coordinate the activities of the natives.
Leaders
During this period, Da Gwom Dachung Gyang was the then supreme ruler of the Berom at Riyom, reigning from 1935 to 1941. Under Dachung Gyang, the traditional institution was designated as the Berom Tribal Council comprising of local chiefs within the Jos Native Authority.
Its authority then only included mainly the Berom and excluded the chiefs of Buji, Naraguta, Jos and Bukuru. However, the government, in a Gazette of 7 February 1918, modified the list to include the Buji, Naraguta, Jos and Bukuru
The emergence of Da Rwang Pam (1947 to his death on 14th July 1969) saw the elevation of the head of the Tribal Council to the stool of the Gbong Gwom Jos.
He, along with a Catholic seminarian Da Patrick Dokotri and a Business-man from Mangu/Panyam Mr. Sylvanus Lot founded the movement for the Middle-belt, which later became the Middle-belt forum.
Da Rwang had 11 Children namely
1) Prince Bitrus Rwang Pam - He became Commissioner for Health Benue-Plateau State and a strong driving force of the Middle-belt forum.
2) Princess Vou Rwang Pam - she became wife to one time COCIN General-Secretary, Mr. Bitrus Pam
3) Princess Chundung Rwang Pam - She married Mr. Dung Ballang a tin miner tycoon from Zawang
4) Princess Hwonghei Rwang Pam - She married Mr. Maurice P Davou ( of NTC Zaria) from Gyel
5) Princess Kangyang Rwang Pam - she married Mr. Choji Zang Tot, a businessman from Gyel.
6) Princess Yop Esther Rwang Pam - She married Mr. Bulus Gyang Botsha, a civil servant from Kwang
7) Princess Kachollom Rwang-Pam – She married Mr. Gwom Tsok Reng, a customs officer from Foron
8) Prince Pam Rwang-Pam - A Broadcast marketer/Businessman
9) Prince Davou Rwang Pam- A career Musician (one time leader of the CACTUS BAND)
10) Princess Phwachom Rwang Pam- she married Mr. Adamu Zi from Heipwang, an SSS officer
11) Prince Chwang Rwang Pam – A Businessman/ Pastor who now resides in the USA
Since 1969, the stool has been held by the following:
• Da Fom Bot, 19th August 1969 to his death on 1 December 2002
• Da Victor Dung Pam, 17 April 2004 to 7 March.